Shock absorber



Feb. 9 1926. 1,572,484

F. T. HoMAR SHOCK ABSORBER Filed Nov. 28, 1925 BY I ATTORNEYS Patented lfebai, I i

tilt-MTE@ FRNK Tt HOMAR, @E TUGSN, AREZN..

SHOCK ABSOMBER.

Application filed November 2B, 1923. Serial No. 67'?,50li.

To all whom it may concern s Be it known that lt, FRANK T. HoMAn, a citizen oi the United States, and resident of Tucson, in the county of Pima and State of Arizona, have invented certain neu and useful improvements in Shock Absorbers, of which the following is. a specification.

vrllhis invention relates to shock absorbers especially adapted for use upon automobiles.,

Briefly stated, an important object ot this invention is to provide a shock absorber having novel means whereby a piston associated with the spring mechanism is caused -to operate against a iluid so as to reduce shock to a minimum when the vehicle encounters an inequality in the roadwayn A further object is to provide 'a shock absorber of the character specified which is of highly simplified construction, durable in use and cheap to manufacture.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application, and in Which like numerals are employed to designate like p rts throughout the same,

igure .l is a side elevation Aet the iinproved shock absorber appliedo Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view through the same,

Figure a slightly modied form ofV the invention.,

ln ,the drawings wherein for the purpose of illustration there is shown a preferred embodiment of the invention, the numeral 5` designates a cylindrical casing, the lower portion of. which is provided 'with one or more ears 6 having an aperture l? for the reception oi a pivot element 3. Figure 1 illustrates that the pivot elen'ient` 8 1s connected to a perch 9 carried by an axle or axle housing 10 of almotor `vehicle Figure 2 illustrates that a piston 12 is mounted for reciprocation in the cylindre 5 and has connections with the piston rod 13, the u per portion of which is connected by a ballsoclret joint 14: with the vehicle frame. Of course' the spring may be oi any desired style or shape..

A quantity of fluid is in the chamber of the cylinder 5, and the piston 12 upon being actuated works against the fluid and causes the duid to pass through by-passes 16. The by-passes communicate at opposite ends of 3 is adetail sectional vieur through necte the chamber and on opposite sides of the piston l2,

Assuming that the vehicle strikes .a bump in the roadway, the portion l() Will be elevated so that the fluid beneath the piston 12 will be forced up through the 1oy-passes 1G and into the cylinder at a point above the piston 12. ln this manner the shock and especially the rebound are reduced to a minimum. On the return movement, the pressure of the luid prevents the Wheels or the parts carrying the Wheels from passing its original position to la substantialV extent. .i

llVith reference to the foregoing description it will be seen that the improved shock absorber may be economically manufactured and placed upon a motor vehicle either during manufacture or at any time thereafter, Without the exercise of unusual skill.

Of course the piston rod 13 has a liquid tight connection with the head 16 by means of a packing nut 17 held in place by means of a gland i3.

Figure 2 illustratesthat a suitable filling plug 20` is threaded through the head le and adords .a means whereby a liquid may be introduced into the cylinder., @t course, any suitable liquid such as water or oil may be employed. f

Particular attention is directed to the .tact that the tlow of liquid through the bypasses 16 may be controlled by a hand screw 24 threaded through bosses 26 in the side of .the .casing 5, and the forward motion of the screws 24 regulates the quantity ot liquid Awhich may flow through the bypasses in a given period.. In the :form of the invention illustrated in Fi re 3, a by-passI tube 51 may be conto opfposite ends of the cylinder 50 by means o elbows 52 and short nipples 53. In thiscase al control screw 54 may be threaded into the intermediate portion of theI tube 51 to control the dow of liquid through the same.' It Willbe seen that the lay-pass tube 51 and the associated elements provides an extremely simple and economical means for establishingv communication between opposite ends of the cylinder and, ot course,any desired number of bypass tubes may be employed,

lIt is to be understoodY that the forni otv the invention herewith shown and described 1s to be taken as a preferred example of the same, and that such minor changes, arrangement, and construction of parts may be made as will remain within the spirit of the invention and the scope of what is claimed.,

Having thus described the what is claimed is A shock absorber for motor vehicles comprising a. cylindrical casino' adapted for the reception of a quantity o? liquid, a iston mounted for movement in said caslng, a piston rod extending from said piston and having a substantially liquid tight connection with the casing, means vwhereby the free end of said piston rod may be universinvention,

ally connected with a vehicle frame, a head connected to said' casing having an opening receiving said iston rod, means whereby the lower end oi) the casingv may be hingedly connected to the -axle of the vehicle, said casing provided at opposite sides with 1ongitudinally extending by-passes having lateral vbranches communicating with the upper and lower end portions of the casing, and a hand operated screw bolt threaded into each of said by-passes midway the u pper and lower ends thereof and controlling the flow of liquid therethrough.

FRANK T. HOMAR. 

